Ingaba iithegi zeRFID ziNxibelelana njani nabafundi?

 

Iithegi ze-passive zisebenza kumandla e-RF evuniweyo. Umfundi uhambisa i-wave eqhubekayo kwi-902 - 928 MHz eMntla Melika, i-865-868 MHz eYurophu. I-eriyali yethegi ithatha iqhezu laloo mandla-aneleyo ukuqhuba i-chip ezoba mhlawumbi i-15-20 microwatts. I-chip imodareyitha ukunyanzeliswa kwe-eriyali ukuze ibonise umva umqondiso ngedatha ekhowudiweyo. Le yi-backscatter.

UDaniel Dobkin wagubungela imathematika yohlahlo lwabiwo-mali kwi-"The RF in RFID" emva phayaa ngo-2007. Le ncwadi iseyireferensi esetyenziswa ngabahlanganisi abaninzi. Uluhlu lwe-Passive UHF lokufunda luphezulu malunga ne-10-15 yeemitha kumoya ovulekileyo. Ukuthunyelwa kwangempela kubona ngaphantsi.

Ithegi -ku{1}}unxibelelwano lomfundi isebenzisa nokuba yi-FM0 okanye i-Miller encoding kwi-subcarrier. Umfundi-uku{5}}ithegi isebenzisa iPIE. I-Gen2 spec esuka kwi-GS1 EPCglobal ichaza yonke i-interface yomoya. Inguqulo yesi-2 yongeze ezinye izinto zokhuseleko eziphantse kungabikho mntu uzisebenzisayo kuba iitshiphusi zibiza ngaphezulu.

 

 

I-Frequency Mess

 

Inxalenye ye-FCC ye-15 inika i-RFID 902-928 MHz ukuya kuthi ga kwi-4 watts EIRP ngokutsiba rhoqo. I-ETSI inciphisa iYurophu ukuya kwi-865.6-867.6 MHz kwi-2 watts ERP. Iindlela ezahlukeneyo zomlinganiso wamandla nazo-EIRP ngokuchasene ne-ERP-ebhidayo abantu xa bethelekisa imilinganiselo kuyo yonke imimandla.

I-China ivule i-920-925 MHz. IJapan ivumela i-916-921 MHz kodwa ngeemfuno zokumamela-phambi kwentetho enzima ukuyila komfundi. Ithegi eyenzelwe imakethi yase-US isebenza eYurophu kodwa ukulungiswa kwe-eriyali kucinyiwe. Ulahlekelwa yi-dB embalwa. Oko kubalulekile xa sele usekupheleni kwebhajethi yekhonkco.

 

I-13.56 MHz iyahluka

 

I-HF RFID kwi-13.56 MHz isebenzisa i-inductive coupling, hayi imitha. Kufuphi{2}ibala kuphela. I-Reader inekhoyili, ithegi inekhoyili, indawo yemagnethi idibanisa phakathi mhlawumbi kwimitha. Ithegi ilayisha kwaye ikhuphe ikhoyili yayo ukulungisa umqondiso obonwa ngumfundi kwi-eriyali yayo. I-ISO 14443 yamakhadi okusondela, i-ISO 15693 yamakhadi ommandla. Iiprothokholi ezahlukeneyo, iindidi zokufunda ezahlukeneyo, iimeko ezahlukeneyo zokusetyenziswa.

I-NFC yi-14443 kunye nentanga-ku{2}}indlela zontanga. Ifowuni yakho yenza i-NFC. Ibheji yeofisi yakho mhlawumbi yi-14443 okanye iCLASS okanye iDESFire, kuxhomekeke ekubeni inkampani yakho iyifake nini na inkqubo.

I-LF ku-125-134 kHz ngumbono ofanayo kodwa noluhlu olufutshane. 10 lweesentimitha mhlawumbi. Isasetyenziselwa iithegi zezilwanyana kuba amaza aphantsi angena kwizicubu.

 

 

Ukungqubana

 

Iithegi ezininzi eziphendula ngaxeshanye ziphathwa nge-Slotted ALOHA kwi-Gen2. Iithegi khetha kwiindawo zokubeka random. Umfundi uhlengahlengisa iparamitha ye-Q kubungakanani besakhelo. Isebenza ngokwaneleyo kwi-inventri kodwa i-output ithotywa ngokukhawuleza xa unamakhulu eethegi ebaleni kwaye isiqingatha sazo sijongwe kakubi.

IYunivesithi yaseAuburn ipapashe idatha yokufunda ebonisa 1000+ iithegi ngesekhondi nganye phantsi kweemeko ezifanelekileyo. Akukho mntu ubona loo nto kwindawo yokugcina impahla.

Anti{0}}uphando longquzulwano yindawo engaphantsi yonke. Uphando kwiiNethiwekhi zeKhompyutha ukusuka kwi-2024 zidweliswe ngaphezulu kwe-algorithms ye-50. Umthi{5} usekwe, ukwahluka kwe-ALOHA, iindlela ezixutyiweyo. Uninzi lomsebenzi wezemfundo awubangeli nyani{7}izithintelo zehlabathi njengeendleko zomfundi kunye nokuhambelana kweprothokholi.

 

Walmart

 

IWalmart iqale ukugunyazisa iRFID kwimpahla ngo-2020. Yandiswe yaya kutsho kwiindidi ezininzi ngo-2022. Ngokwindla ka-2024 isigunyaziso sagubungela ifanitshala, unikezelo lwezilwanyana zasekhaya, iinxalenye zemoto, intlaninge yezinye izinto. I-Auburn's RFID Lab iphatha isiqinisekiso sethegi. Ababoneleli abasilelayo kwisatifikethi abanakuthumela ngenqanawa eWalmart.

Izigunyaziso zehlise amaxabiso e-inlay. Ngaphantsi{1}}iisenti ezine ngoku kumthamo. Kwiminyaka embalwa edlulileyo yayiziisenti ezisixhenxe, ezisibhozo.

"I-ROI ibonakalisiwe," yinto ethethwa ngabantu baseWalmart kwiinkomfa. Abo bakhuphisana nabo bayalandela. Ithagethi inenkqubo yayo. IAmazon isebenzisa iRFID kwamanye amaziko okuzaliseka kodwa hayi esidlangalaleni.

 

Iindlela zokungaphumeleli

 

I-UHF ayisebenzi kakuhle malunga nentsimbi okanye ulwelo. Iphalethi yempahla enkonkxiweyo kunzima ukuyifunda. Iindawo zokugcina iimpahla ezinerakhi yentsimbi zenza uphazamiseko lweendlela ezininzi. Ku{3}}uyilo lwethegi yentsimbi lukhona{4}}isithuba sogwebu phakathi kwetshiphu nomphezulu wentsimbi{5}}kodwa zibiza ngaphezulu, ukuphinda-phindwe kathathu ukuya kahlanu ngokwesiqhelo.

Iithegi ziyafa. U-Auburn ufumene i-2-3% ye-DOA okanye amazinga okusilela kwangoko kwisifundo esinye. Iichips ziyaqhekeka, ukuqhawuka koqhagamshelo lwe-eriyali, ukuncamatheliswa kwe-inlay kuyasilela. Iinkqubo zokuthengisa ezinomthamo ophezulu zakha oku kwiimodeli zabo zeendleko. Abasebenzisi abancinci bayothuka.

 

 

FASTag

 

I-Indiya isasaze ngaphezulu kwe-60 yezigidi zeethegi ze-UHF ze-windshield zokuqokelelwa kwe-elektroniki phakathi kuka-2019 no-2023. Iithegi ezivela kubathengisi abaninzi, abafundi abasuka kubathengisi abaninzi, ukuhlanganiswa kwe-backend kuninzi lwabasebenzisi be-toll. Isebenza kakhulu. Ukuhanjiswa kwendlela kuphezulu. Ukuphatha imali kuphantsi.

I-China iye yacotha kwi-RFID yokuthengisa kunokuba abantu babeqikelele kwiminyaka elishumi eyadlulayo. Izigunyaziso zikaRhulumente kwi-pharma kunye necuba. Ukulandelela izinto kumacandelo athile. Kodwa hayi iWalmart-yento yesimbo{4}}yenqanaba lokukhutshwa ebekumele ukuba lenzekile.